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無分類類文章一覽
- 2012-02-14
- Suggested answer: “In her effervescent way, the aging actress bubbled about her career until her captive audience began to feel light-headed.” To “bubble” in conversation is to speak in a lively way, sometimes endlessly, depending upon the level of energy of the person speaking. The actress is described as “effervescent,” so her speech rather naturally is bubbly. A proud actress might have “bragged” or “boasted” about her career, a spoiled one “bitched” about her career, a querulous one “bellyached.” In short, a described person ought to act in accordance with the description. Choosing the right verb can help unify a sentence. 在對話中 “bubble”（高談闊論）表示說話很生動，如果說話的人精力充沛，有時就會滔滔不絕。句中形容女演員 “effervescent”（生氣勃勃），說起話來自然口若懸河。自豪的女演員 “bragged”（吹噓）或 “boasted”（誇耀），被寵壞的女演員 “bitched”（嘮叨），牢騷滿腹的女演員則 “bellyached”（抱怨）。簡言之，人物的行為應符合人物的描述，選擇適切的動詞能整合句子。 ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
0213 TPS Verbalize Contest－Answer and Explanation你能找出關鍵的動詞嗎？ 正確解答!
- 2012-02-13
- The sentence below is missing a verb. However, the first letter of the verb is provided. Insert a word that starts with the given first letter and best fits the tenor of the sentence, and then defend your word choice in five or fewer words. The first TPS Fan to respond with the judge’s choice of verb—or the most effective alternate verb— will win a NTD 200 Starbucks Gift Certificate. The name of the winner will be published tomorrow on this TPS Fans page. Good luck! 以下句子缺少動詞，請加入一個最符合句子意思且符合空格開頭字母的動詞，以及五個字以內的理由，我們將提供7-11／星巴克咖啡禮券兩百元，頒給第一位想出最佳解答或是最佳替代字的第1位粉絲。解答與獲獎粉絲姓名將在明天公布於本 TPS 專頁。請將答案寫在下方，幸運兒可能就是你！ 題目Contest Sentence: “In her effervescent way, the aging actress b______ about her career until her captive audience began to feel light-headed.” ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
0213 TPS Verbalize Contest－Win Your NTD200 7-11/Starbucks Prize! 你能找出關鍵的動詞嗎？有機會獲得200元 7-11/星巴克咖啡禮券!
- 2012-02-10
- 真正的學者不會竊取他人的想法，不過研究過程中，有時可能無意間侵占了其他研究者的想法或表達方式。本系列「避免抄襲的七大方法」提供訣竅，幫助你避免不小心冒用他人的心血結晶。每則訣竅將刊登在 TPS 專頁。 A true scholar is not a thief. Yet stealing another researcher’s ideas or method of expressing them sometimes happens inadvertently in the course of research. How to avoid accidentally passing off someone else’s work as your own is the subject of this series, “7 Tips for Avoiding Plagiarism.” Each of the tips will be presented on the TPS Fan page before being compiled with the others as a series. Tip # 3 – Resolve to give credit generously 方法三：詳實引注，解決剽竊疑慮 If ever there is a time to go the extra mile—and life is rife with such opportunities—giving full credit in a paper to the work of another scholar is one such time. Penury is a foolish habit in general, but being ungenerous in the academic realm can be particularly dangerous. Egos that drive academicians to discover new truths are easily bruised when the work is not duly credited. In the worst case, such insults can come back to haunt the slighter in legal and professional ways. 生命中許多時候，應該多花點時間，多付出一些努力－在論文中充分標註引用的他人成果，就是這樣的時機。吝嗇往往不是好習慣，而在學術領域，這種吝於付出可能特別危險。學者發掘真理，若心血沒有獲得適當尊重，很容易損及他們的自尊情感，尤有甚者，這份怠慢可能回過頭來，讓人在法律或學術生涯上付出代價。 So in laying out the framework of a paper and preparing to dive into research, let the good scholar thus resolve: Where the work of a previous researcher is a springboard to new understanding, the debt owed the earlier discoverer will be openly and frankly paid. Honesty is the best policy. Transparent appreciation for the work of predecessors not only strengthens a paper by firmly grounding it in a discipline, it sets the stage for new revelation and argument. 因此，構思論文架構，準備潛心研究前，負責任的學者就該下定決心：如果借助了前人的研究成果，因此獲得新的見解，就有責任公開、坦承地將功勞歸於之前的研究者。誠實方為上策，坦率地感謝前人的成果不僅有助奠立論文的學術根基，也提供了新發現與話題討論的舞台。 Where it can get tricky is in the slog of research. As the weeks of reading and notation creep by and the number of sources mounts, careless attribution can unwittingly become part of the process. Who said that… this guy or that one? Oh-oh, is that my jotted observation or the stated view of another? Such mistakes are understandable, but unless they are cleared up prior to submission or publication, they can explode into mighty embarrassments. Don’t get sloppy. 研究千頭萬緒時，引述最常出錯。不知不覺讀了幾個禮拜的書、做了幾個禮拜的筆記後，資料逐漸累積，一不小心就可能犯錯。這句話是甲說的，還是乙說的？糟糕，這句話是從我的觀察筆記得來的，還是其他人闡釋的觀點？這樣的錯誤可以理解，但在論文送出發表，務必排除這些疏漏，否則結果可能很難堪。切記不要馬虎行事。 ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
7 Tips for Avoiding Plagiarism Tip # 3 – Resolve to give credit generously 避免抄襲的七大方法之三：詳實引注，解決剽竊疑慮
- 2012-02-10
- 並非所有與學術議題相關的文章，就能稱之為「學術文章」。本篇專欄將節錄不同學術議題的內容，分析常見的寫作錯誤，並分享潤修與寫作的技巧。 Not all articles written on academic topics are written in proper academic English. In this "This is not academic writing" column we examine short excerpts from academic texts to illustrate common writing errors and explain how to correct them. Unacceptable 不被認可的文章 “A complete and total education includes physical education, sometimes called physical fitness. This part of a curriculum is put down sometimes because it departs from purely intellectual learning. The thinking is that lessons about exercise and healthy consumption of foods can come just as easily outside classrooms and gymnasiums as inside. However, this attitude doesn’t own up to the reality of modern civilizations, which in their rush-rush lifestyle leave little time for regular exercise. Furthermore, that the mind benefits from aerobic activity is indisputable.” This excerpt from a paper on physical education fails mostly in vocabulary, but also in fuzzy thinking. The opening phrase, “a complete and total education,” not only contains a redundancy, it is wordy. The second sentence uses slang—“put down”—that doesn’t even have the virtue of being clear in its meaning. (Is the program anesthesized and killed?) The next sentence begins with “the thinking,” which is a colloquial version of “the belief” or “the argument.” And “rush-rush” is such a poor-poor excuse for an adjective. What else can you spot? 本段文章取自體育學論文，主要問題在選詞不當，此外思慮也不夠清晰。第一句 “a complete and total education”（完整而全面的教育）用詞多餘又冗長；第二句用了俚語 “put down”(放下；殺死)，不僅不夠正式，基本的語意也不清楚(課程難道被麻醉了、被殺了？) 下一句開頭 “the thinking”（這種想法）略嫌口語，應用 “the belief”（這種觀點）或 “the argument”（這種論調）。最後，“rush-rush”（匆匆忙忙）這個形容詞，未免過於馬馬虎虎。你是否還找到其他問題？ Acceptable 認可的文章 “Holistic education includes physical education, or more specifically, physical fitness. This part of a curriculum is sometimes denigrated because it departs from the purely intellectual realm. The argument is that lessons about exercise and healthy consumption of foods can come as easily outside classrooms and gymnasiums as inside them. However, this attitude doesn’t acknowledge the reality of modern civilizations, which in their skeltering lifestyle leave scant time for systematic exercise. Furthermore, the intellectual benefit of aerobic activity is indisputable.” ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
This is not academic writing 學術文章不是這麼寫的
- 2012-02-07
- Answer: We believe the sentence is best completed this way: “My actual textbook weighs just under two pounds, the e-book version about half that, but the real weight of each is measured in how much I carry away.” Most of this sentence is concerned with physical mass, a measurement of heft. This theme is completed in abstract terms, in how much learning a person can pick up and “carry away” from the text. Actually, while the volume of knowledge indeed can be calculated (in vocabulary, for example), a knowledgeable person and his ignorant twin won’t scale differently. Brains don’t get heavier as they are primed and loaded. Yet the imagery works in the abstract, with a person metaphorically putting down a paper or electronic book and lugging off new understanding. 例句大部分討論物體質量，描述物體的重量，但最後以抽象描述收尾，敘述一個人可以從書本裡學到、「帶走」多少知識。事實上，雖然知識的多寡確實可以計算（例如以詞彙的數量計算），飽學的人與不學無術者卻不會因為知識改變體重；大腦受到啟發、學習，重量並不增加。然而，這句抽象描述的意象卻言之成理，用隱喻說明一個人放下紙本書或電子書後，帶走新的知識。 ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
0206 TPS Finish the Sentence Contest－Answer and Explanation你是接龍的高手嗎? 正確解答!
- 2012-02-06
- No formula exists for the writing of a superior sentence, but this much is known: The best sentence has no weak part. The following sentence is incomplete. In 5 or fewer words, complete the sentence in a way that strengthens the whole of it. The first TPS Fan to complete the sentence as we believe it is best completed will win a NTD200 7-11 / Starbucks Gift Certificate. Another Starbucks certificate will be awarded to the first Fan to complete it in an alternate way that, in our estimation, also is effective. The explanation and the names of the winners will be published tomorrow on this TPS Fans page. 怎麼寫出好句子沒有標準答案，不過起碼我們知道，優秀的句子每個環節都很完美。下面有一句未完成的句子，請用五個字以內完成句子接龍，寫出完整的句子。最先完成句子，並寫出最佳解答的一位TPS 粉絲，將獲得兩百元7-11／星巴克禮券；另增設特別獎一名，頒給符合文意又別具創意的粉絲。接龍解答與獲獎粉絲姓名將在明天公布於本 TPS 專頁，敬請密切鎖定、先睹為快！ 題目Contest Sentence: “My actual textbook weighs just under two pounds, the e-book version about half that, but the practical value of each is measured in ___ ___ ___ ___ ___.” ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
0206 TPS Finish the Sentence Contest－Win Your NTD200 7-11/Starbucks Prize! 你是接龍的高手嗎? 有機會獲得價值200元7-11/星巴克咖啡禮券!
- 2012-02-02
- 很多字詞並非表面所見的意思，字詞的組合會產生不同的解釋。這樣的慣用法，我們稱之為「比喻」。一個成功的比喻，作者本身必須相當瞭解字詞的源起。以下的句子為讀者介紹一個比喻及其來源。 Imagery buries itself in language and takes on new meaning. The transplanted and transformed sets of words are called “figures of speech.” For a figure of speech to be effective, however, a writer must first understand the original meaning of the phrase. The following sentence contains a common figure of speech. Its original meaning is explained. “In beginning the volatile laboratory experiment before preliminary data were completely analyzed, the chemist risked a Faustian outcome, and perhaps an explosive one.” 「化學家在完全分析初步數據前，就冒險進行揮發性實驗，很可能得到浮士德式的結果，或許還會爆炸。」 Faust was a legendary German man who became so enamored of his learning and of the prestige of scholarship that he was ready to sacrifice everything else to it. The devil accommodated his desire. In return for worldly esteem and constant steeping in knowledge, Faust agreed to give up his soul at the end of his days and be eternally damned. Some versions of the story suggest that Faust was so completely absorbed in his preoccupation with pleasure and knowledge that he didn’t see the inevitable sadness of his choice. He believed he could outwit the devil in the end. 浮士德是德國傳說中的人物，他沉迷於研究學問，迷戀學術地位帶來的威望，願意犧牲一切來交換。魔鬼能完成浮士德的願望，而浮士德同意死後放棄他的靈魂，永遠受到詛咒，以交換世俗的地位、永遠沉浸在知識中。故事的某些版本暗示，浮士德完全沉醉在樂趣與知識中，看不出自己的選擇終將以悲劇收場，還以為自己最後能智取魔鬼。 In the given sentence, a chemist is exhibiting characteristics similar to the legendary figure. He seems impatient to learn and to succeed and is willing to risk all by rushing ahead without thoroughly thinking through the consequences. By saying the scientist is in jeopardy of experiencing a “Faustian outcome,” the writer is signaling that the experiment is apt to turn out unexpectedly and probably unhappily. Furthermore, because the experiment is a “volatile” one, it could be explosive to boot. A future event described in Faustian terms is never a positive one. 例句中，化學家的性格就像傳說中的浮士德，似乎等不及去學習、等不及有所成就，寧願賭上一切匆促追求成功，卻未仔細考慮後果。例句中說化學家將處於危險，得到 “Faustian outcome”（浮士德式的結果），表示實驗結果可能不如人意。此外，因為試驗是 “volatile”（揮發性）的，所以結果也很可能會爆炸。用浮士德來描述的未來事件，通常具有負面意涵。 ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
What does that mean? 你真的瞭解這個慣用語嗎?
- 2012-02-01
- TPS的編輯教授在此歡迎關於學術文章的所有詢問，當然，其實他並沒有足夠的時間給你。他擁有終身教職的教授身份，也是著名的學術巨作作者。即便如此，他仍大方地接受你們的詢問。將關於學術方面的詢問寫在下方，你將獲得教授的親自指導，陶冶對學術的探索與啟發。 The professor awaits your query on academic writing, though in all honesty, he doesn’t have a lot of time for you. He is a tenured full professor and working on yet another magnificent academic tome. Even so, he has graciously consented to entertain your question. Submit it and prepare to be edified. QUESTION: I set out to do a case study and to write about it. The results weren’t pretty. They were ugly, in fact, but my professor’s criticism wasn’t especially constructive. What are the rules for good case study papers? 我很認真地做了個案研究，寫了報告，但結果不太理想。報告結果滿糟的，而且教授也沒有給我什麼建設性的評語。要寫出好的個案研究報告有哪些原則呢？ I apologize for your professor not being constructive in analyzing your paper. Coaching students through error is one of an instructor’s primary missions and it sounds as though your instructor forgot that. Maybe it was just a bad day. Perhaps you could add something to the literature of teaching by doing a case study of your professor! Seriously, whatever errors you made in the paper in question are correctable. Try again. A case study can be a powerful research tool and, when properly reported, is an exemplary investigative approach to new understanding. 很遺憾你的教授沒有好好分析論文，給你建設性的建議；指導教授的主要任務就是指導學生從錯誤中學習，你的教授似乎忘了這點。也許你只是運氣不好，說不定你可以拿你的指導教授來做個案研究，為教學研究添加幾筆參考文獻……！說真的，不論你在論文裡犯了什麼錯誤，都可以修正，再試試看吧。個案研究是很有用的研究工具，如果能以適切的方法來呈現，也是探索新知的好方法。 A primary rule is that a case study report must be structured correctly. Typically, this means introduction of a studied subject, followed by a detailed, chronological report of the conduct of the study, and then a systematic account of the results of the study. Each section is equally important. The other usual requirement is that study results either affirm a standing theory or enunciate a new theory. Unless this relationship of theory and practice (the case study) is established, all you have is an anecdote. Anecdotal reports are not always meaningful. 個案研究的首要規則是結構一定要正確，一般來說，首先應介紹研究主題，接著說明詳情，依時間先後闡述研究內容，然後以整體的角度討論研究結果，每個章節都一樣重要。另一個常見的要求就是研究結果必須證實現有的理論，或闡明新的理論。理論與實踐（你的個案研究）間一定要建立起關係，否則你的研究就只是軼事，而軼事研究是沒有多大意義的。 A case study should be tied to a theory in the planning stage. A researcher can determine in advance what principle is likely to be reaffirmed in a case study or what theoretical principle might be identified. The outcome of a genuine case study never should be presumed, nor should the results conformed to fit a presumption, but the concept and hypothesis surrounding a study should be identified up front. By so doing, study results—expected or unexpected—can be cleanly interpreted. After data and observations are compiled, the task becomes writing it well. 個案研究在規劃階段就應該與理論連結，研究者可以事先判斷什麼理論能獲得個案研究證實，或研究可以支持什麼理論原則。如此一來，研究結果無論是否在意料之中，都能清楚詮釋。等資料與觀察都整理好了，剩下的任務就是把論文寫好了。 ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
Professor Pedantic 教授的考究學問
- 2012-01-31
- 讓我們用一個問題揭開龍年的序幕：您滿意 TPS 的內容嗎？ TPS為粉絲們舉辦開春第一個贈獎活動。在培養技巧方面，您是否覺得某個領域我們可以做得更好？我們該如何讓您進一步投入學習過程？指導學術寫作技巧時，我們該如何改進說明方式？我們希望與您們一起改善學術寫作的技巧與表現，歡迎踴躍提出意見！請點入活動網頁，立即參加活動，獲得獎品的幸運得主可能就是你哦！http://www.publishedscholar.com/survey/survey.signup.php?survey_sn=18...
- 文章來源:TPS News
Invitation for ideas 意見大募集！有機會獲得300元誠品商場購物禮券！
- 2012-01-30
- Dear TPS Fans, Welcome back from the break and welcome to a new year! We are reinvigorated and ready to continue our mutual learning experience here on The Published Scholar Facebook Fans page. Look for more of the good stuff here… beginning tomorrow. TPS Staff ...
- 文章來源:TPS News
